An English scientist named John Dalton was the first person to highlight details about the medical condition of color blindness. As a result, the health disorder is also called Daltonism. In fact, he himself was known to be suffering from the disorder, which might have triggered the scientist’s interest in the condition.
Color blindness, or color vision deficiency, is a disorder wherein the individual is unable to distinguish between many colors. While the most prominent cause of its occurrence is genetic in nature, some of the other reasons for color blindness include injury to the eye, brain or nerves; and chemical exposure. Color blindness may not disrupt the individual’s general routine but in certain situations the person may feel handicapped such as selection of clothes and comprehension of analytical diagrams.
The disorder is medically segregated into four categories that is slightly color blind, moderately color blind, strongly color blind and absolutely color blind. The last categorization of absolute color blindness is also called achromatopsia or monochromacy and it is believed to be correlated with eye disorders like amblyopia and nystagmus. Research highlights that almost 99 percent cases of color blindness are of red green color blindness. Amongst these, 75 percent of the patients are incapable of perceiving green, while the other 24 percent faces difficulty in red perception. It is a misnomer that people suffering from red green blindness are only unable to differentiate between these two colors. On the contrary, they have problems distinguishing other colors as well.
Studies reveal that males are more prone to contracting color blindness owing to hereditary factors in contrast to females. The reason is that this vision disorder is related to the X chromosome, which makes men the more prominent sufferers and women the carriers of the disorder. In fact, under all probability a carrier woman is bound to transmit the disorder to all her sons but the same does not hold true for the father. Several tests are utilized towards the diagnosis of this disorder such as pseudoisochromatic plates, arrangement test and anomaloscope test. Out of these procedures of diagnosis, the anomaloscope test yields the most precise results with respect to quantitative and qualitative analysis. Although Ishihara plates are also used for investigation; the accuracy of the results is questionable.
People suffering from color blindness can rectify the disorder by using color correcting lenses that requires the individual to wear 2 different colored lenses in the eyes.More Articles :
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The eye in human beings is a three layered structure. The toughest layer called the sclerotic coat forms the outermost part represented by the white segment of the eye and the cornea. The choroid coat signifies the middle layer. This is a pigmented layer that represents the iris of the eye. The third and the innermost layer called the retina is located in the rear part of the eye.