Low calcium intake and low estrogen levels at menopause are suggested as the main cause of osteoporosis. However a cross cultural perspective finds that this is not true. A study shows that osteoporosis is less prevalent in countries where calcium intake is much lower than that in US. The calcium intake among Japanese is just 540 mg as compared to 1200 mg among Americans; still their hip fracture rate is half. Research shows that hip fracture rate is highest in countries where people have the highest calcium intake.
Most women experience low estrogen levels at menopause but all do not experience osteoporosis. Low bone density and ongoing bone loss can be detected with tests though osteoporotic fracture cannot be predicted. The test measures the bone mass of various areas of the body and detects high bone breakdown prior to a fracture. But they are unable to predict fractures. This is because nearly half the women suffering from osteoporotic fracture may not have “osteoporotic” bone density. They may have moderately low bone density called osteopenia, or normal bone density. Therefore, women with good bone density should also undertake a strong bone building program.
Actually bone depleting factors are understood to be the main cause of osteoporotic fractures. There are many bone depleting factors that combine to cause the fracture. Thus, cause of osteoporosis will vary from person to person. So would the treatment and prevention. Each case has to be analyzed separately to form the individual program. However, nutrition supplement therapy, lifestyle modifications, dietary improvements and exercise are some good bone strengthening tools.
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